Innate immunity refers to the body’s defense mechanism that humans are born with. It protects us from antigens. The main role of innate immunity is to safeguard us from harmful materials that may enter our bodies and affect our health. Innate immunity makes the first line of defense in our immune system.

Ayurvedic perspective on innate immunity

A person’s strength, known as “Balam,” in Ayurveda is influenced by various factors. Acharya Charaka, a revered physician in Ayurvedic medicine, categorised Balam into three types:

• Sahajam: This type of strength is often considered innate immunity. It’s the strength you are born with, characterised by a balance of the three Doshas – Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. Sahajam Balam is your natural resistance to diseases.
• Kalajam: Kalajam Balam depends on seasonal changes and your age. It acknowledges that your strength may decrease during summer (aadanakalam) and gradually increase during winter (visargakaalam). It suggests that your strength is at its peak during middle age.
• Yukthikritham: This type of strength is acquired. Your lifestyle choices, including diet, rest, physical activity, and rejuvenation therapies like Rasayana influence it. Yukthikritham Balam is the strength you develop through conscious efforts.

Another factor that affects your immunity is ojas. Ayurveda mentions Ojas as the inner vitality or strength comparable to our innate immunity. It is the energy powerhouse that keeps your body, spirit, and mind energised and well-functioning. Imagine going to the gym- that is your physical exercise. But Ojas motivates you to visit the gym. If you feel tired, that doesn’t always mean you have low ojas, but low ojas can lead to low energy levels, health issues and impaired decision-making.